![]() DEVICE FOR CLEANING A HEAT EXCHANGER.
专利摘要:
The present invention provides an apparatus for cleaning a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger comprises at least one group of a number of parallel tubes which are provided in a regular pattern and in rows extending parallel to each other. The device comprises a number of juxtaposed, parallel to each other oriented, nozzles directed towards the tubes, a spray trolley with which the nozzles are prohibited and displacement means for displacing the spray trolley along the tubes. The displacement means comprise first displacement means for displacing the spray trolley in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tubes and second displacement means for displacing the spray trolley along a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tubes. 公开号:BE1019840A3 申请号:E2011/0016 申请日:2011-01-14 公开日:2013-01-08 发明作者:Erwin Sarfaty;Peter Eschenroeder 申请人:Mb Ti B V; IPC主号:
专利说明:
Brief indication: Device for cleaning a heat exchanger. DESCRIPTION The present invention relates to a device for cleaning a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprising at least one group of a number of parallel tubes provided in a regular pattern and in rows extending parallel to each other, the device comprising a number of side by side spray nozzles located parallel to each other and oriented towards the tubes, a spray trolley to which the nozzles are connected, displacement means for displacing the spray trolley along the tubes, the displacement means comprising first displacement means for moving in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tubes along moving the tubes of the spray trolley and second displacement means for displacing the spray trolley along the tubes in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tubes, the first displacement means comprising at least one first guide member and first guide means with at least one first guide member extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tubes for guiding the at least one first guide member and wherein the second displacement means comprise at least one second guide member and second guide means with at least one second guide member extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tubes for guiding the at least one second guide member. In particular, the present invention relates to the cleaning of air-cooled heat exchangers and / or air-cooled condensers (ACC). Such heat exchangers use a group of parallel tubes, arranged in stacked rows, through which liquid / gas to be cooled / condensed flows. Such a group of tubes, which is also referred to as the cooling register, is relatively flat while its dimensions as seen in the longitudinal direction of the tubes are larger than its dimensions as seen in the longitudinal direction of the rows or in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tubes and perpendicular to the thickness direction of the group of tubes. In operation, air is forced between the tubes in a direction transverse to the group of tubes, which air has a cooling effect on the contents of the tubes, which contents thereby cool and / or condense. For each heat exchanger, a number of adjacent groups of pipes is often used, each of which is accommodated in its own framework with longitudinal girders extending longitudinally of the pipes on two mutually opposite sides of each group of pipes, the profile of which ends are connected to each other by hole plates extending transversely to the longitudinal girders, into which openings are provided into which the tubes open or through which the tubes extend. To increase the heat-exchanging capacity, the tubes are often provided with disc-shaped cooling fins which are arranged at regular intervals along the length of the tubes. Such cooling fins are often made of aluminum or galvanized steel. Heat exchangers as described above are used at the chemical plant and at power stations. The air-cooled heat exchangers are in many cases also carried out in combination with a so-called louver system which is provided on the air-downstream side of the heat exchanger relatively close to the relevant group of tubes for controlling the air flow through the heat exchanger. During the use of such heat exchangers, dirt inevitably deposits on the outer surface of the tubes or on the cooling fins thereof, whereby the efficiency of the heat exchanger can be considerably reduced. This is in turn accompanied by increased energy consumption and / or process disruption, which means that cleaning of the heat exchangers is necessary. In practice, cleaning of the heat exchanger often takes place by manually spraying the soiled parts with a high-pressure sprayer, whereby, if possible, a cleaner runs over the tubes, while in practice the cooling fins, especially those made of aluminum, frequently damage, because these bend. Incidentally, such damage often occurs due to the effect of the high-pressure jet on the cooling fins. These damages have a negative effect on the functionality of the heat exchanger. The work in question is physically very stressful for a person concerned, at least unpleasant and often not without danger. As an alternative to manual cleaning, European patent EP 1 604 164 B1 discloses an automated system. The device according to the preamble relates to such a system. In the known system use is made of a portal-like carriage which is essentially formed by two inverted U-shaped brackets and a tubular guide connecting the two brackets to each other, the guide being on the respective lying parts of the U-shape of the brackets are hung. The brackets are spaced apart and the guide also extends beyond the brackets. At the ends of the legs of the U-shape of the brackets, running wheels are provided with which the carriage can be moved in a direction of movement transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tubes of a heat exchanger, along a number of adjacent groups of tubes. Along the guide, which extends parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tubes, a spray trolley can be moved by means of guide wheels. The spray trolley comprises a spray tube which extends in the direction of movement and to which a supply for cleaning liquid is connected. On the side facing the tubes, the nozzle tube is provided with a number of nozzles which are provided at the same distance and parallel to each other. During cleaning with the aid of the known automated system, the spray trolley follows a square wave-shaped path along the surface of a number of adjacent groups of tubes, the length of a single square wave corresponding to twice the length of the sprayer tube. A disadvantage of this system is that the size and weight of the system is so large that it is difficult to manipulate. This is partly due to the fact that the guide is relatively long, namely about the same length as the length of the tubes. Because of the length and the force with which the tubes are sprayed, the tendency for the guide to bend is large, so that it must be relatively heavily dimensioned. Moreover, the considerable size, in particular in the height direction, causes the system to be unsuitable or hardly suitable for use in heat exchangers provided with a louver system. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution to the problems in question. To this end, the invention is characterized in that the spray trolley is connected to the first guide member for exclusive joint displacement of the at least one first guide member and the spray trolley, and that the first guide member extends between two second guide members which each cooperating with a second guide member, which second guide members are provided on two opposite sides of the group of tubes. Thanks to the present invention, the first guide member can be made relatively short, namely as long as the width of the relevant group of tubes. Because of that shorter length and the fact that the first guide member extends between the two second guide members, the first guide member can be made relatively light, for example lighter than 23 kg. The group of tubes is preferably included in a rectangular tube frame comprising longitudinal profiles extending on two opposite outer sides of the group of tubes parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tubes, the second guide members being permanently connected to the longitudinal profiles. It is thus possible to successively use the combination of the spraying cart, the associated first guide member and the second guide members between which the first guide member is provided for different groups of tubes, while each group of tubes is provided with its own second guide members. For attaching said second guide members to the relevant group of tubes, use is made of the longitudinal profiles of the outer frame. The advantages of the invention are relevant, inter alia, if pivotable slats are provided on the side of the two second guide members remote from the group of tubes for influencing a cooling air flow between the tubes of the heat exchanger, which blades are included in a frame that is connected to the second guide members. In the present preferred embodiment, the cleaning device is therefore situated between the group of tubes and the pivotable slats with associated framework, so that it is not necessary to remove the frame with the associated slats for cleaning the tubes of the group of tubes. From a structural point of view, it is thereby preferred that the spray trolley and the first guide member extend within the height of the two second guide members. To limit the installation height, it is generally preferable that the height of the spraying cart and the first guide member is a maximum of 30 cm, and more preferably a maximum of 18 cm. In order to be able to withstand the high pressure with which cleaning fluid is sprayed from the nozzles against or along the tubes, it is preferable that the second guide member comprises a tread and a reaction surface opposite the tread, the second guide member comprising a tread member over the tread extends as well as at least one perpendicular to the tread between a first, active position and a second, non-active position, reaction means which can be moved back and forth by means of movement which is situated in the first active position against the reaction surface and which in a second inactive position is free from the reaction surface. The use per second guide member of not only a traveling member that extends over the tread but also of a reciprocating reaction member which is situated against a reaction surface offers the advantage that during operation of the device, i.e. during the spraying of the tubes, the second guide members are, as it were, clamped between the tread and the reaction surface, so that, despite the high forces acting on the device due to the spraying, an extremely stable displacement of the nozzles can take place. Moreover, by placing the reaction member in the second, non-operative position, it is relatively easy to bring the second guide members into conductive cooperation with a second guide member or, on the contrary, to cause that cooperation to be lost, as required in particular. is from one group of tubes to another group of tubes while changing the device. The quality of the stability of the displacement is further improved if the running member comprises a caterpillar track which is wrapped around two circulating wheels and / or the at least one reaction member comprises a rolling wheel. The movement means preferably comprises a pneumatic cylinder which obviates the use of electricity for triggering the movement between the first position and the second position of the reaction member. The use of electricity can be particularly difficult in petrochemical environments due to the risk of explosion. In order to prevent the device from slipping, or at least to considerably reduce the risk thereof, it is very advantageous if the second displacement means comprise a transmission which is active between the two second guide members. Thanks to the transmission, it can be achieved that the second guide member moves equally with respect to the associated second guide members. The first displacement means preferably comprise a drive member that moves together with the spray trolley. A moving drive member, which preferably comprises a pneumatic motor, makes the use of elongated drive belts, such as those used in the automated system according to EP 1604164 B1, superfluous. Such transmissions with drive belts have an open character, which means that there is always the risk of things or people getting stuck between moving parts of the transmission while, moreover, the use of drive belts requires relatively much maintenance, in particular because of the circumstances (high temperature and humidity) under which they function. The second guide member preferably further comprises two opposing locking compartments against which at least one locking member belonging to the second guide member can run. Thus, it is achieved in a constructively simple manner that the two second guide members continue to follow the correct track along the associated second guide members. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the description of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention with reference to the following figures: Figure 1 is an isometric view of a preferred embodiment of a cleaning device according to the invention as applied to a heat exchanger; Figure 2 is an isometric view of a cleaning trolley as applied to the cleaning device according to Figure 1; Figure 3 is an isometric view of a displacement assembly that forms part of the cleaning trolley according to Figure 2; Figures 4a and 4b show diagrammatically in vertical cross-section parts of two variants of spray members forming part of a spray truck as shown in Figure 2; Figure 5 shows in isometric view and partial explosion view the cleaning device according to figure 1 as applied to a heat exchanger provided with a so-called Louvre system. Figure 1 shows a cleaning device 1 as applied to a heat exchanger comprising a number of cooling registers. Figure 1 shows three cooling registers 2 thereof, which are used in addition to each other, often also in larger numbers, at, for example, chemical plants or power stations. The cooling registers 2 each comprise a number of parallel tubes 3. The tubes 3 are divided into a regular pattern and are provided in five horizontal rows. As can also be seen in figure 4b, two adjacent tubes together with a tube above or below it form an equilateral triangle. Alternatively, it is also possible, as shown in Figure 4a, that two adjacent pipes of a horizontal row together with two pipes directly above or two directly below them form a square or possibly a rectangle. At their circumference tubes 3 are provided with disc-shaped ribs 4 which are arranged at regular intervals along the length of the tubes 3 in order to increase the heat-exchanging capacity. The tubes 3 associated with a cooling register 2 extend within a rectangular frame formed by two hole plates 5 at the two opposite ends of the tubes 3 and two profile parts 6 extending parallel to the tubes 3 on two opposite sides sides of the relevant cooling register 2 and which connect the two hole plates 5 to each other. Holes 7 are provided in the hole plates 5 in a similar pattern to that in which the tubes 3 are provided. The tubes 3 open into these holes where the tubes 3 also connect to pipes (not shown) via which liquid to be cooled or gas or condensate to be supplied to the tubes 3 and discharged. In order to obtain the cooling effect, fans (not shown) are provided on the underside of the tubes 3, which force air up vertically between the tubes 3. The length of each cooling register 2 and thus the length of the tubes 3 is typically approximately 6 to 11 meters, while the width and height of each heat exchanger are typically approximately 1.2 to 3 meters and 0.7 meters respectively. At the head end of the adjacent cooling registers 2 a platform 8 is provided which can be reached via a ladder at the location of reference numeral 9. From the landing 8, the cooling registers 2 are accessible by an operator 10. A heat exchanger with cooling registers 2 as described above is generally known to those skilled in the art and, therefore, a more detailed description than the above given is not necessary within the scope of the present invention. A cleaning device 1 is provided for cleaning the tubes 3 with associated ribs 4. For each cooling register 2, the cleaning device 1 comprises two guide profiles 21 which are fixedly mirrored with respect to each other on the profile parts 6 of the relevant cooling register 2 and extend over the same length of the profile parts 6. The guide profiles 21 are substantially G-shaped with successively an upper lying part 22, a standing body part 23, a lower lying part 24 and a standing locking part 25. Cleaning device 1 further comprises a cleaning trolley 31 shown in figure 2. The cleaning trolley 31 comprises two displacement assemblies 32, mirrored with respect to each other, one of which is shown in Fig. 3, each displacement assembly 32 comprises a vertical base plate 33 on the sides of the displacement assemblies 32 facing one another. a horizontal base plate 34 is attached to the vertical base plate. Under the horizontal base plate 34, a caterpillar system 35 is provided with two bypass wheels 36, 37 which are rotatably attached to the horizontal base axes to the vertical base plate 33 and around which a caterpillar belt 38 is wrapped. At the front and rear of the track system 35, the displacement assembly 35 is further provided with two pairs of guide wheels 39a, 39b and 40a, 40b. These guide wheels 39, 40 are provided side by side with respect to the direction of movement for the caterpillar system 35 and are rotatable on respective vertical rotation axes connected to an associated coupling strip 41, 42 connected to the vertical base plate 33. The circumference of the guide wheels 39a, 40a in this case lie just outside the free ends of the coupling strips 41, 42 as well as outside the width of the caterpillar wheel 38. The outside of wheels 39b, 40b on the one hand and vertical base plate 33 on the other are situated at such a distance from each other that, during operation, there is enclosing part 25 of guide profile 21 can extend. On the top of the horizontal base plate 34 the displacement assembly 32 is further provided with two pairs of consecutive locking rollers 43a, 43b and 44a, 44b. The retaining rollers 43, 44 are each rotatably received around respective horizontal axes of rotation in an associated frame 45, 46. These frames 45, 46 are connected to the horizontal base plate 34 via air cylinders 47, 48. By suitable pneumatic actuation of air cylinders 47, 48 via pneumatic connections (not shown), the frames 45, 46 with the associated retaining rollers 43a, 43b and 44a, 44b are vertically movable up and down according to double arrow 49 between a high position, while in operation the retaining rollers 43, 44 lie under some pretension against the underside of the upper lying part 22 of the guide profile 21, and a lower position wherein the respective retaining rollers 43, 44 are just free from said upper lying part 22. The two displacement assemblies 32 of the cleaning trolley 31 are rigidly connected to each other via their vertical base plates 33 via guide sleeve 51 which is diagonally oriented. Furthermore, the bypass wheels 36 of the two displacement assemblies 32 are connected to each other via transmission rod 52 to ensure that the respective bypass wheels 36 have the same speed of rotation so that the displacement assemblies 32 will move at the same speed. For this displacement, one of the two bypass wheels 37 is directly powered (without transmission) via a pneumatic motor (not shown). A spray trolley 61 can be moved along the guide sleeve 51, which extends transversely to the tubes 3. Spraying cart 61 comprises a framework 62 which is made up of two strips 63 which extend briefly under guide sleeve 51, and cylinder bodies 64a, 64b at the ends of the strips 63. The cylinder bodies 64 are hollow and via supply lines (not shown) cleaning fluid can become pressurized supplied to the interior of these cylinder bodies 64. The sprayer truck 61 further comprises four diabolo-shaped wheels 65 which are rotatably connected around the vertical axes of rotation via pins 66 to the tops with strips 63 and engage on corner edges of guide sleeve 51. At least one of the guide wheels 65 is driven by a pneumatic motor, which is not further shown powered. At the underside of the cylinder bodies 64, nozzles 67 are provided at regular intervals from one another, corresponding to the distance between adjacent tubes 3 of a horizontal row. Cleaning fluid supplied to a cylinder body 64 under pressure will be sprayed downwards through nozzles 64. In figure 2 the nozzles are oriented purely vertically, so that this configuration can be used with a heat exchanger according to figure 4a. In a heat exchanger according to figure 4b, cylinder bodies 64 are used with nozzles 67 which enclose an angle of 30 degrees with a vertical. In that case, it is particularly useful to make the nozzles 67 associated with cylinder body 64a mirrored with respect to the nozzles 67 associated with cylinder body 64b so that both left and right are sprayed. Because the orientation of the nozzles 67 as well as the distance between the nozzles 67 is adjusted to the configuration of the tubes 3 of the cooling register 2, the lower tubes 3 are also reached by the cleaning fluid leaving the nozzles 67 so that those lower tubes 3 are also cleaned . Cleaning device 1 functions as follows. By driving the displacement assembly 32, sprayer truck 61 moves from one end of cooling register 2 to the opposite end, i.e. over a distance of approximately 3 to 4 meters in the present case. During this displacement spray carriage 61 does not move relative to guide sleeve 51. The spray trolley 61 is positioned relative to guide sleeve 51 such that the spray nozzles 67 just squirt into the space between the tubes 3 of the cooling register 2. The pneumatic cylinders 47, 48 are in the high position, so that there is no question of any play between the displacement assemblies 32 and the horizontal parts 22, 24 of the guide profiles 21. As a result, a great deal of resistance can be offered to the upward reaction force exerted on spray trolley 61 is effective due to high pressure spraying down cleaning fluid against tubes 3 of cooling register 2. As soon as the displacement assemblies 32 have moved, at least substantially, along the length of the tubes 3 of the cooling register 2, the displacement assemblies 32 turn over after the spray trolley 61 has moved along guide tube 51 so that the nozzles 67 have come to lie above tubes 3 of the cooling register 2 to be cleaned. This process is repeated until tubes 3 of the cooling register 2 have been subjected to the operation of the cleaning device 1. Subsequently, the supply of cleaning fluid to the cylinder bodies 64 is interrupted and the cleaning trolley 31 on the platform side 8 is slid out of the guide profiles 28 and slid into the guide profiles 21 associated with a subsequent cooling register 2 where the process can repeat itself. The cleaning trolley 31 is extremely light and compact, so that manual manipulation of the cleaning trolley 31 to a subsequent cooling register 2 can take place relatively easily. Moreover, the limited dimensions of the cleaning trolley 31 also offer the possibility of applying the cleaning device 1 to heat exchangers which are provided with a louver system 80 as shown in figure 5. In this figure, the air cylinders 47, 48 incidentally being located In the lower position, the frame 81, in which slats 82 are arranged pivotally about horizontal pivot axes, of the louver system 80 is fixedly connected to the upper lying parts 22 of the guide profiles 21. Due to the low installation height of the cleaning device 1, it is it is not necessary to remove the louver system 80 for the purpose of cleaning the tubes 3 of the relevant cooling register 2. For the sake of clarity, the length of this cooling register 2 is shown in Figure 5 for a shorter period than in Figure 1. Where the preferred embodiment described so far the tubes 3 of the various cooling registers 2 have a horizontal course, it is also possible within the scope of the present invention to use the cleaning device 1 with sloping cooling registers 2, each of the tubes 3 having an angle with include the horizontal, for example 20 degrees or 60 degrees. Naturally, the cleaning trolley 31 will always run up and down along the guide profiles 21 in accordance with the relevant slope. To prevent slipping downwards, it is conceivable to use a certain profiling in the guide profiles 21 in which the retaining rollers 43, 44 caterpillar belt 38 or the guide wheels 39, 40 engage which can also be provided with teeth for this purpose.
权利要求:
Claims (12) [1] Device (1) for cleaning a heat exchanger provided with a group of tubes (3), which device is provided with a number of juxtaposed, parallel to each other, nozzles (67) directed towards the tubes (3), of a spray trolley (61) to which the nozzles (67) are connected, as well as of displacement means for displacing the spray trolley along the tubes, the displacement means comprising first displacement means for displacing the spray trolley in a first direction and second displacement means for moving in a second moving the spray trolley (61) transversely to the first direction, the first displacing means comprising at least one first guide member (62) and first guide means (65) with at least one first guide member (51) for guiding of the at least one first guide member and wherein the second moving means comprises at least one second guide member on (32) as well as second guide means (37) with at least one second guide member (21) for guiding the at least one second guide member (32), the spray trolley (61) being connected to the first guide member means (61) for exclusive joint displacement of the at least one first guide means (61) and the spray trolley (62) in the second direction, and that the first guide means (51) extends between two second guide means (32) each cooperating with a second guide member (21), said second guide members (21) being provided on two opposite sides of the group of tubes, characterized in that the second guide member (21) has a tread (24) and an opposite the reaction surface (22) located on the tread (24), the second guide member (32) comprising a tread member (38) extending over the tread (24) and at least one perpendicular to the tread (24) between a first, active stand and one two the non-operative reaction member (43, 44) movable to and fro by movement means (47, 48) which is located in the first active position against the reaction surface (22) and which is in a second inactive position is free from the reaction plane (22). [2] Device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the group of tubes (3) is accommodated in a rectangular tube frame, the tube frame comprising longitudinal profiles (6) which are situated on two opposite outer sides of the group of tubes parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tube. extend tubes (3), characterized in that the second guide members (21) are permanently connected to the longitudinal profiles (6). [3] Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that on the side of the two second guide members (21) that is remote from the group of tubes, slatable blades (82) are provided for influencing a cooling air flow between the tubes (3) ) of the heat exchanger, which blades (82) are received in a frame (81) connected to the second guide members (21). [4] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spray trolley (61) and the first guide member (51) extend within the height of the two second guide members (21). [5] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the height of the spray trolley (61) and the first guide member (51) is at most 30 cm, preferably at most 20 cm. [6] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the running member (38) comprises a track which is wrapped around two circulating wheels (36, 37). [7] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one reaction member (43, 44) comprises a roller wheel (43a, 43b, 44a, 44b). [8] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement means (47, 48) comprise a pneumatic cylinder. [9] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second displacement means comprise a transmission (52) which is active between the two second guide members (32). [10] Device (1) as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the first displacement means comprise a drive member that displaces together with the spray trolley (61). [11] Device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the drive means comprises a pneumatic motor. [12] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second guide member (21) comprises two opposing retaining surfaces (22, 24) against which at least one retaining member (43, 44) associated with the second guide member (32) can extend.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 FR2955385B1|2014-04-04| DE202011001750U1|2011-03-31| FR2955385A1|2011-07-22| NL1037634C2|2010-10-19|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题 US2115885A|1935-06-11|1938-05-03|Simpson John William Leslie|Soot blowing and cleaning apparatus for boilers, economizers, or the like| DE29505936U1|1995-04-06|1995-11-09|Jaresch U Wegener Dirk|Cleaning device for heat exchanger systems| EP1604164B1|2000-11-07|2006-10-04|J & W Reinigungssysteme Für Trockenkühlanlagen GmbH|Mobile cleaning device for a heat exchanger| NL1027033C1|2004-09-14|2006-03-15|Willem Hendrik Van Breen|Cleaning installation for air cooled heat exchangers, comprises carriages with cleaning head movable along rails permanently mounted on heat exchanger casing| EP2856063A2|2012-05-29|2015-04-08|Innotech GmbH|Cleaning apparatus|
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 NL1037634A|NL1037634C2|2010-01-20|2010-01-20|DEVICE FOR CLEANING A HEAT EXCHANGER.| NL1037634|2010-01-20| 相关专利
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